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General IT Questions
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Networking and Internet Basics
An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a unique identifier assigned to each device connected to a network. It allows devices to communicate with each other over the internet or a local network.
IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses (e.g., 192.168.0.1) and can support about 4.3 billion devices.
IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses (e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334) and can support a vastly larger number of devices, addressing the limitations of IPv4
DNS (Domain Name System) translates human-readable domain names (like www.example.com) into IP addresses that computers use to identify each other on the network. When you enter a URL in your browser, DNS servers look up the IP address linked to that domain and direct your device to the correct website.
A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique hardware identifier assigned to a network interface card (NIC) for communications on the physical network segment. It is typically fixed and assigned by the hardware manufacturer.
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) creates a secure, encrypted connection between your device and the internet. It protects your online activity, hides your IP address, and allows you to securely access private networks remotely.